Everything you need to know about dividends (2024)

by Sarah Butcher | 20.11.19

Dividends are a great way to increase tax-efficiency and maximise your take-home pay as a Limited Company contractor, but they can be quite complex. From what they are, how they work and when to take them, we’ll be covering everything you need to know about dividends here. Let’s start with the basics…

What is a dividend?

A dividend is, to put it simply, a distribution of company profits to its shareholders. This is not to be confused with a salary. Dividends can only be paid if there are available profits and this is not a payment for work or services.

While a lot of Limited Company contractors won’t have multiple shareholders, they can use dividends to pay themselves in a tax-efficient way as they have different tax and NIC liabilities to that of a salary. It is also common to add a spouse as a shareholder to maximise the amount of tax-free income you can draw out.

When can you draw dividends?

As the director of your own Limited Company, you can declare a dividend whenever you wish, as long as there are enough retained profits in the business. If there aren’t, then this could be classed as an illegal dividend, or a director’s loan, which HMRC may choose to investigate.

You can draw dividends monthly, quarterly or even annually. But, while you can draw dividends at any time, if you are declaring them frequently then this could be regarded as a ‘disguised salary’ and could also be subject to investigation.

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Dividend

However, as long as you minute your decision to declare dividends, and provide all shareholders with a dividend voucher, this will provide a clear audit trail should you ever be under review, and they will be required for your annual tax return.

What are the tax and NIC implications?

One of the reasons why dividends are so favourable to contractors is that they do not incur any NIC. This is why you will often find that a combination of a low salary and high dividends is the most tax-efficient way to pay yourself.

Whatever dividends you do draw for yourself will be taxed as personal income, with a tax-free dividend allowance of up to £2,000 per person. The tax thresholds for dividend payments are as follows:

Basic rate taxed at 7.5% – up to £50,000

Higher rate taxed at 32.5% – between £50,000 and £150,000

Additional rate taxed at 38.1% – £150,000 +

The time in which you choose to declare a dividend can be quite significant to shareholders, because it will be taxed based on the date it is declared rather than the date it is paid. For example, a dividend declared on 1st April 2019 but paid on 7th April 2020 will be included in your 2018/19 tax return, and this could take someone over the basic or higher threshold for that tax year, so it is important for all shareholders to have a say in when a dividend is declared.

Conclusions

Dividends can help you make the most of your personal allowances. If you pay yourself a salary which doesn’t use up all of the basic rate tax band, then topping up with dividends is a tax-efficient way to take advantage of the lower tax rate without having to pay any further National Insurance Contributions. For more information on this, we’ve created a handy Limited Company expenses guide to combining salary with dividends.

Every contractor’s Limited Company is different, and your personal circ*mstances will determine how and when you choose to draw dividends. Always speak to a specialist contractor accounting firm to ensure you are doing the best thing for your business. Whether you’re new to contracting or would like some help reviewing how you continue to take payments from your Limited Company, it’s easy to sign up or switch to Intouch Accounting in just a few simple steps. Contact us on 01202 901 014 and we’ll be happy to help.

This blog has been prepared by Intouch Accounting. While we have made every attempt to ensure that the information contained in this blog has been obtained from reliable sources, Intouch is not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for the results obtained from the use of this information. This blog should not be used as a substitute for consultation with professional accounting advisers. If you have any specific queries, please contactIntouch Accounting.

Everything you need to know about dividends (2024)

FAQs

What you need to know about dividends? ›

Dividends are payments a company makes to share profits with its stockholders. They're one of the ways investors can earn a regular return from investing in stocks. Dividends can be paid out in cash, or they can come in the form of additional shares. This type of dividend is known as a stock dividend.

How much stock to make $1000 a month in dividends? ›

In a market that generates a 2% annual yield, you would need to invest $600,000 up front in order to reliably generate $12,000 per year (or $1,000 per month) in dividend payments.

How do I decide what dividend to pay? ›

The dividend payout amount is typically determined through forecasting long-term earnings and calculating a percentage of earnings to be paid out. Under the stable policy, companies may create a target payout ratio, which is a percentage of earnings that is to be paid to shareholders in the long-term.

How to earn $5,000 in dividends? ›

To generate $5,000 per month in dividends, you would need a portfolio value of approximately $1 million invested in stocks with an average dividend yield of 5%. For example, Johnson & Johnson stock currently yields 2.7% annually. $1 million invested would generate about $27,000 per year or $2,250 per month.

What are the rules for dividends? ›

Section 123(1) of the Act inter-alia states that “no dividend shall be declared or paid by a company for any financial year except out of the profits of the company for that year or out of the profits of the company for any previous financial years”.

Why are dividends so important? ›

Five of the primary reasons why dividends matter for investors include the fact they substantially increase stock investing profits, provide an extra metric for fundamental analysis, reduce overall portfolio risk, offer tax advantages, and help to preserve the purchasing power of capital.

How much do I need to invest to make $300 a month in dividends? ›

However, this isn't always the case. If you're looking to generate $300 in super safe monthly dividend income (note the emphasis on "monthly" income), simply invest $43,000, split equally, into the following two ultra-high-yield stocks, which sport an average yield of 8.39%!

How to live off dividends? ›

One of the best ways to really make dividend-yielding stocks a worthwhile source of income in retirement is to make sure that you're reinvesting the distributions you receive to buy more stocks. That way, the amount of cash you have in that stock or fund can grow over time.

How much money do I need to invest to make $4000 a month? ›

Making $4,000 a month based on your investments alone is not a small feat. For example, if you have an investment or combination of investments with a 9.5% yield, you would have to invest $500,000 or more potentially. This is a high amount, but could almost guarantee you a $4,000 monthly dividend income.

Do I pay tax on dividends? ›

It is taxed accordingly at your usual rate of income tax, but the 'personal savings allowance' can mean all, or a portion of this, is tax free – there's more information on this from the HMRC website here. For funds with less than 60% in fixed income investments, any income will be classed as dividend.

Do dividends count as income? ›

Key Takeaways

All dividends paid to shareholders must be included on their gross income, but qualified dividends will get more favorable tax treatment. A qualified dividend is taxed at the capital gains tax rate, while ordinary dividends are taxed at standard federal income tax rates.

What pays the best dividend? ›

Top 25 High Dividend Stocks
TickerNameDividend Yield
ARCCAres Capital9.02%
WHRWhirlpool7.66%
HIWHighwoods Properties7.60%
ENBEnbridge7.29%
6 more rows
May 10, 2024

How much do I need to invest to get 500 a month in dividends? ›

Dividend-paying Stocks

Shares of public companies that split profits with shareholders by paying cash dividends yield between 2% and 6% a year. With that in mind, putting $250,000 into low-yielding dividend stocks or $83,333 into high-yielding shares will get your $500 a month.

How much do I need to invest to get $1000 a month in dividends? ›

The amount is varied from high yield to lower yield. If you invest in higher yield company like Iron Mountain IRM, your portfolio only needs to have $132,680. However if you invest in everyone favorite dividend company Johnson and Johnson JNJ, you will need at least $439,366 in your portfolio.

Are dividends free money? ›

One of the most common and enduring misconceptions about investing is that dividends are effectively free money. But it's a fallacy, sometimes called the free dividend fallacy.

How to make $500 a month in dividends? ›

That usually comes in quarterly, semi-annual or annual payments. Shares of public companies that split profits with shareholders by paying cash dividends yield between 2% and 6% a year. With that in mind, putting $250,000 into low-yielding dividend stocks or $83,333 into high-yielding shares will get your $500 a month.

What is considered a good dividend? ›

Yields from 2% to 6% are generally considered to be a good dividend yield, but there are plenty of factors to consider when deciding if a stock's yield makes it a good investment. Your own investment goals should also play a big role in deciding what a good dividend yield is for you.

How do beginners invest in dividends? ›

You can invest in dividend stocks just like you would with any other stock — through your brokerage or other investment account. You can look at dividend stocks based on their yield or growth. The dividend yield tells us how much a company pays out in dividends relative to its share price.

How do dividends get paid out? ›

Cash dividends are paid out either as a check sent to the investor or as a credit to a brokerage account, which can then be reinvested. Stock dividends are paid in fractional shares. If a company issues a stock dividend of 5%, shareholders will receive 0.05 shares in dividends for every share they already own.

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